Everything you need to know about Cabbage seeds

When is the best time to plant cabbage seeds?
Cabbage seeds are usually started indoors in early spring or sown outdoors from mid-spring to early summer. The exact timing depends on whether you want an early, mid-season, or late harvest. Cabbage prefers cool growing conditions for best head formation.

How long does cabbage take to grow from seed?
Most cabbage varieties take between 70 and 150 days to mature. Early varieties grow faster, while storage types take longer. Growth speed is influenced by temperature, soil quality, and watering.

Does cabbage need full sun?
Yes, cabbage grows best in full sun with at least 6 hours of direct light daily. It can tolerate light shade, but too little sun leads to loose or small heads. Strong sunlight also helps reduce disease problems.

How often should cabbage be watered?
Cabbage needs consistent moisture, especially during head formation. Water deeply 1–2 times per week depending on rainfall and soil type. Uneven watering can cause splitting or bitter taste.

What type of soil is best for cabbage?
Cabbage prefers fertile, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. The soil should be firm, not loose and fluffy, to support heavy heads. A slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.5–7.0) is ideal.

Why are my cabbage heads small or loose?
This is often caused by lack of nutrients, overcrowding, or heat stress. Insufficient watering can also slow head development. Feeding regularly and spacing plants properly helps produce firm heads.

How do I protect cabbage from pests?
Common pests include cabbage white butterflies, aphids, and cabbage root fly. Use fine mesh netting to physically block insects and inspect plants regularly. Crop rotation and healthy soil also reduce pest pressure.

Can cabbage tolerate frost?
Yes, cabbage is very cold-tolerant and light frost can even improve its flavor. Young seedlings need protection from heavy frost, but mature plants are hardy. Some varieties can be harvested well into winter.

How do I know when cabbage is ready to harvest?
Cabbage is ready when the head feels firm and solid when squeezed. If it feels loose, it needs more time to grow. Harvest before heads split, especially after heavy rain.

Can cabbage be grown in containers?
Yes, cabbage can grow in containers at least 25–30 cm deep and wide. Use nutrient-rich soil and water more frequently than garden plants. Compact or early varieties work best in pots.

Why do cabbage leaves turn yellow?
Yellowing leaves are often caused by nitrogen deficiency, poor drainage, or overwatering. Older outer leaves may yellow naturally as the plant grows. Improving soil fertility and watering consistently usually fixes the problem.

What causes cabbage heads to split?
Splitting happens when plants receive too much water after a dry period, causing rapid internal growth. Heavy rain near harvest time can also trigger it. Harvest promptly when heads are firm to prevent this.

How far apart should cabbage plants be spaced?
Most varieties need 45–60 cm of space between plants to form full-sized heads. Crowding reduces airflow and limits head development. Always follow spacing recommendations for the specific variety.

Can cabbage grow in hot weather?
Cabbage prefers cool temperatures and may struggle in heat above 24°C. High temperatures can cause loose heads or premature bolting. Planting early or choosing heat-tolerant varieties helps.

How do I prevent clubroot disease?
Clubroot is a soil-borne disease that causes swollen, distorted roots. Rotate crops every 3–4 years and avoid planting cabbage in infected soil. Keeping soil pH slightly alkaline also helps reduce risk.

Should I remove outer cabbage leaves?
You can remove damaged or yellowing outer leaves to improve airflow. However, healthy outer leaves help protect the head from sun and pests. Avoid removing too many at once.

Why is my cabbage flowering instead of forming a head?
This is called bolting and is usually caused by stress from cold temperatures followed by heat. Older seedlings transplanted too late are more likely to bolt. Use young seedlings and plant at the correct time.

Do cabbages need fertilizer during the season?
Yes, cabbages are heavy feeders and benefit from regular feeding. Apply compost or a balanced fertilizer every 3–4 weeks. This supports steady leaf and head growth.

Can cabbage be grown year-round?
With the right varieties, cabbage can be grown in most seasons except extreme heat or deep winter. Spring, summer, autumn, and winter cabbages are available. Succession planting allows continuous harvests.

What is the best way to store harvested cabbage?
Store cabbage in a cool, dark place with high humidity. Whole heads last longer than cut ones. Late storage varieties can keep for several months under proper conditions.

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