Collection: What Seeds to Sow in October: Temperate European Climates

Discover seeds to sow in October in temperate European climates. This collection brings together hardy annual flowers, cool-season flowers, winter salads, leafy vegetables and herbs suited to autumn sowing.

Sow calendula, cornflowers, nigella, poppies and other hardy annuals for earlier flowers next year, or start sweet peas, snapdragons, pansies and selected California poppies in trays or pots for overwintering. For the vegetable garden, focus on cool-season crops such as mesclun, spinach, rocket, lettuce, pak choi, radish and Welsh onion.

In colder parts of Europe, later October sowings are more reliable with protection from a cold frame, cloche or unheated greenhouse.